Optimizing Vaccine Development to Distribution: Strategies towards Strengthening Preparedness and Sustainability

Optimizing Vaccine Development to Distribution: Strategies towards Strengthening Preparedness and Sustainability Lee Hai Yen1, Jonald Low Rui Teng1, Yap Phui Chyng1, Chong Siau Xuan1,Haridah Alias2, Lin Keyong3,4, Siti Nurmaya Musa3, Yap Jen Hwa3 and Wong Li Ping2,5,6 1Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education (TIDREC), Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICOE), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur 2Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4Department of Economic and Management, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Gui Lin, China. 5Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian, China 6Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea Abstract The development and distribution of vaccine is a complex process that must meet various stringent requirement that is regulated, from bench to bed. This study aimed to present some of the work done in the efforts to increase the capacity of human capital development, landscape view of local vaccines distribution and acceptance of a locally produced mRNA vaccine for future strategies. In the three-pronged approach, the first approach targeted laboratory analysis utilizing reverse vaccinology. This will determine the selection of antigens, the upstream development, downstream and process development for the mRNA vaccine platform. The second approach targeted vaccine delivery for the last mile addressing the volatility of epidemic scenarios that led to stockouts or waste. Developing a new model to manage the supply chain with integrated optimization strategies can lead to a more efficient production and smooth supply chain while balancing sustainability issues on carbon emission. The third approach will present some findings on public health perspectives in a locally manufactured mRNA vaccine for future consumption and issues that may arise from this. Keyword: vaccine development; vaccine distribution; vaccine confidence; vaccine supply; vaccinology